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// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import { Ownable } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import { Ownable2Step } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol";
import { ERC20 } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import { ERC20Permit } from "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol";

import { IJigsawUSD } from "./interfaces/core/IJigsawUSD.sol";
import { IManager } from "./interfaces/core/IManager.sol";
import { IStablesManager } from "./interfaces/core/IStablesManager.sol";

/**
 * @title Jigsaw Stablecoin
 * @notice This contract implements a stablecoin named Jigsaw USD.
 *
 * @dev This contract inherits functionalities from `ERC20`, `Ownable2Step`, and `ERC20Permit`.
 *
 * It has additional features such as minting and burning, and specific roles for the owner and the Stables Manager.
 */
contract JigsawUSD is IJigsawUSD, ERC20, Ownable2Step, ERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @notice Contract that contains all the necessary configs of the protocol.
     */
    IManager public immutable override manager;

    /**
     * @notice Returns the max mint limit.
     */
    uint256 public override mintLimit;

    /**
     * @notice Creates the JigsawUSD Contract.
     * @param _initialOwner The initial owner of the contract
     * @param _manager Contract that holds all the necessary configs of the protocol.
     */
    constructor(
        address _initialOwner,
        address _manager
    ) Ownable(_initialOwner) ERC20("Jigsaw USD", "jUSD") ERC20Permit("Jigsaw USD") {
        require(_manager != address(0), "3065");
        manager = IManager(_manager);
        mintLimit = 15e6 * (10 ** decimals()); // initial 15M limit
    }

    // -- Owner specific methods --

    /**
     * @notice Sets the maximum mintable amount.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the contract owner.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `mintLimit` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `MintLimitUpdated` event indicating mint limit update operation.
     * @param _limit The new mint limit.
     */
    function updateMintLimit(
        uint256 _limit
    ) external override onlyOwner validAmount(_limit) {
        emit MintLimitUpdated(mintLimit, _limit);
        mintLimit = _limit;
    }

    // -- Write type methods --

    /**
     * @notice Mints tokens.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the Stables Manager Contract.
     *  .
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Mints the specified amount of tokens to the given address.
     *
     * @param _to Address of the user receiving minted tokens.
     * @param _amount The amount to be minted.
     */
    function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external override onlyStablesManager validAmount(_amount) {
        require(totalSupply() + _amount <= mintLimit, "2007");
        _mint(_to, _amount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Burns tokens from the `msg.sender`.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the token holder.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Burns the specified amount of tokens from the caller's balance.
     *
     * @param _amount The amount of tokens to be burnt.
     */
    function burn(
        uint256 _amount
    ) external override validAmount(_amount) {
        _burn(msg.sender, _amount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Burns tokens from an address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the Stables Manager Contract
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     *   - Burns the specified amount of tokens from the specified address.
     *
     * @param _user The user to burn it from.
     * @param _amount The amount of tokens to be burnt.
     */
    function burnFrom(address _user, uint256 _amount) external override validAmount(_amount) onlyStablesManager {
        _burn(_user, _amount);
    }

    // -- Modifiers --

    /**
     * @notice Ensures that the value is greater than 0.
     */
    modifier validAmount(
        uint256 _val
    ) {
        require(_val > 0, "2001");
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Ensures that the caller is the Stables Manager
     */
    modifier onlyStablesManager() {
        require(msg.sender == manager.stablesManager(), "1000");
        _;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
 * later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    /**
     * @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
     */
    error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);

    /**
     * @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
     */
    error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor(address initialOwner) {
        if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(initialOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        if (newOwner == address(0)) {
            revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
        }
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Ownable} from "./Ownable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * The initial owner is specified at deployment time in the constructor for `Ownable`. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
 * from parent (Ownable).
 */
abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
    address private _pendingOwner;

    event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
     */
    function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _pendingOwner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
        _pendingOwner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
        delete _pendingOwner;
        super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
     */
    function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
        address sender = _msgSender();
        if (pendingOwner() != sender) {
            revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(sender);
        }
        _transferOwnership(sender);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/ERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "./IERC20.sol";
import {IERC20Metadata} from "./extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {IERC20Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the {IERC20} interface.
 *
 * This implementation is agnostic to the way tokens are created. This means
 * that a supply mechanism has to be added in a derived contract using {_mint}.
 *
 * TIP: For a detailed writeup see our guide
 * https://forum.openzeppelin.com/t/how-to-implement-erc20-supply-mechanisms/226[How
 * to implement supply mechanisms].
 *
 * The default value of {decimals} is 18. To change this, you should override
 * this function so it returns a different value.
 *
 * We have followed general OpenZeppelin Contracts guidelines: functions revert
 * instead returning `false` on failure. This behavior is nonetheless
 * conventional and does not conflict with the expectations of ERC20
 * applications.
 *
 * Additionally, an {Approval} event is emitted on calls to {transferFrom}.
 * This allows applications to reconstruct the allowance for all accounts just
 * by listening to said events. Other implementations of the EIP may not emit
 * these events, as it isn't required by the specification.
 */
abstract contract ERC20 is Context, IERC20, IERC20Metadata, IERC20Errors {
    mapping(address account => uint256) private _balances;

    mapping(address account => mapping(address spender => uint256)) private _allowances;

    uint256 private _totalSupply;

    string private _name;
    string private _symbol;

    /**
     * @dev Sets the values for {name} and {symbol}.
     *
     * All two of these values are immutable: they can only be set once during
     * construction.
     */
    constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
        _name = name_;
        _symbol = symbol_;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _name;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token, usually a shorter version of the
     * name.
     */
    function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
        return _symbol;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of decimals used to get its user representation.
     * For example, if `decimals` equals `2`, a balance of `505` tokens should
     * be displayed to a user as `5.05` (`505 / 10 ** 2`).
     *
     * Tokens usually opt for a value of 18, imitating the relationship between
     * Ether and Wei. This is the default value returned by this function, unless
     * it's overridden.
     *
     * NOTE: This information is only used for _display_ purposes: it in
     * no way affects any of the arithmetic of the contract, including
     * {IERC20-balanceOf} and {IERC20-transfer}.
     */
    function decimals() public view virtual returns (uint8) {
        return 18;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-totalSupply}.
     */
    function totalSupply() public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _totalSupply;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-balanceOf}.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _balances[account];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transfer}.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - the caller must have a balance of at least `value`.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _transfer(owner, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-allowance}.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _allowances[owner][spender];
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-approve}.
     *
     * NOTE: If `value` is the maximum `uint256`, the allowance is not updated on
     * `transferFrom`. This is semantically equivalent to an infinite approval.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address owner = _msgSender();
        _approve(owner, spender, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC20-transferFrom}.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event indicating the updated allowance. This is not
     * required by the EIP. See the note at the beginning of {ERC20}.
     *
     * NOTE: Does not update the allowance if the current allowance
     * is the maximum `uint256`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` and `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `from` must have a balance of at least `value`.
     * - the caller must have allowance for ``from``'s tokens of at least
     * `value`.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) public virtual returns (bool) {
        address spender = _msgSender();
        _spendAllowance(from, spender, value);
        _transfer(from, to, value);
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to {transfer}, and can be used to
     * e.g. implement automatic token fees, slashing mechanisms, etc.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        if (to == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if `from`
     * (or `to`) is the zero address. All customizations to transfers, mints, and burns should be done by overriding
     * this function.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function _update(address from, address to, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        if (from == address(0)) {
            // Overflow check required: The rest of the code assumes that totalSupply never overflows
            _totalSupply += value;
        } else {
            uint256 fromBalance = _balances[from];
            if (fromBalance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientBalance(from, fromBalance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _balances[from] = fromBalance - value;
            }
        }

        if (to == address(0)) {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: value <= totalSupply or value <= fromBalance <= totalSupply.
                _totalSupply -= value;
            }
        } else {
            unchecked {
                // Overflow not possible: balance + value is at most totalSupply, which we know fits into a uint256.
                _balances[to] += value;
            }
        }

        emit Transfer(from, to, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Creates a `value` amount of tokens and assigns them to `account`, by transferring it from address(0).
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `from` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead.
     */
    function _mint(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidReceiver(address(0));
        }
        _update(address(0), account, value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Destroys a `value` amount of tokens from `account`, lowering the total supply.
     * Relies on the `_update` mechanism.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event with `to` set to the zero address.
     *
     * NOTE: This function is not virtual, {_update} should be overridden instead
     */
    function _burn(address account, uint256 value) internal {
        if (account == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSender(address(0));
        }
        _update(account, address(0), value);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over the `owner` s tokens.
     *
     * This internal function is equivalent to `approve`, and can be used to
     * e.g. set automatic allowances for certain subsystems, etc.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `owner` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     *
     * Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
        _approve(owner, spender, value, true);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Variant of {_approve} with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event.
     *
     * By default (when calling {_approve}) the flag is set to true. On the other hand, approval changes made by
     * `_spendAllowance` during the `transferFrom` operation set the flag to false. This saves gas by not emitting any
     * `Approval` event during `transferFrom` operations.
     *
     * Anyone who wishes to continue emitting `Approval` events on the`transferFrom` operation can force the flag to
     * true using the following override:
     * ```
     * function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool) internal virtual override {
     *     super._approve(owner, spender, value, true);
     * }
     * ```
     *
     * Requirements are the same as {_approve}.
     */
    function _approve(address owner, address spender, uint256 value, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
        if (owner == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidApprover(address(0));
        }
        if (spender == address(0)) {
            revert ERC20InvalidSpender(address(0));
        }
        _allowances[owner][spender] = value;
        if (emitEvent) {
            emit Approval(owner, spender, value);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Updates `owner` s allowance for `spender` based on spent `value`.
     *
     * Does not update the allowance value in case of infinite allowance.
     * Revert if not enough allowance is available.
     *
     * Does not emit an {Approval} event.
     */
    function _spendAllowance(address owner, address spender, uint256 value) internal virtual {
        uint256 currentAllowance = allowance(owner, spender);
        if (currentAllowance != type(uint256).max) {
            if (currentAllowance < value) {
                revert ERC20InsufficientAllowance(spender, currentAllowance, value);
            }
            unchecked {
                _approve(owner, spender, currentAllowance - value, false);
            }
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/ERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20Permit} from "./IERC20Permit.sol";
import {ERC20} from "../ERC20.sol";
import {ECDSA} from "../../../utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol";
import {EIP712} from "../../../utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol";
import {Nonces} from "../../../utils/Nonces.sol";

/**
 * @dev Implementation of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on `{IERC20-approve}`, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
abstract contract ERC20Permit is ERC20, IERC20Permit, EIP712, Nonces {
    bytes32 private constant PERMIT_TYPEHASH =
        keccak256("Permit(address owner,address spender,uint256 value,uint256 nonce,uint256 deadline)");

    /**
     * @dev Permit deadline has expired.
     */
    error ERC2612ExpiredSignature(uint256 deadline);

    /**
     * @dev Mismatched signature.
     */
    error ERC2612InvalidSigner(address signer, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the {EIP712} domain separator using the `name` parameter, and setting `version` to `"1"`.
     *
     * It's a good idea to use the same `name` that is defined as the ERC20 token name.
     */
    constructor(string memory name) EIP712(name, "1") {}

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC20Permit
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) public virtual {
        if (block.timestamp > deadline) {
            revert ERC2612ExpiredSignature(deadline);
        }

        bytes32 structHash = keccak256(abi.encode(PERMIT_TYPEHASH, owner, spender, value, _useNonce(owner), deadline));

        bytes32 hash = _hashTypedDataV4(structHash);

        address signer = ECDSA.recover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer != owner) {
            revert ERC2612InvalidSigner(signer, owner);
        }

        _approve(owner, spender, value);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC20Permit
     */
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual override(IERC20Permit, Nonces) returns (uint256) {
        return super.nonces(owner);
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc IERC20Permit
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return _domainSeparatorV4();
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";

import { IManager } from "./IManager.sol";

/**
 * @title IJigsawUSD
 * @dev Interface for the Jigsaw Stablecoin Contract.
 */
interface IJigsawUSD is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @notice event emitted when the mint limit is updated
     */
    event MintLimitUpdated(uint256 oldLimit, uint256 newLimit);

    /**
     * @notice Contract that contains all the necessary configs of the protocol.
     * @return The manager contract.
     */
    function manager() external view returns (IManager);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the max mint limit.
     */
    function mintLimit() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Sets the maximum mintable amount.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the contract owner.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `mintLimit` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `MintLimitUpdated` event indicating mint limit update operation.
     * @param _limit The new mint limit.
     */
    function updateMintLimit(
        uint256 _limit
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Mints tokens.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the Stables Manager Contract
     *  .
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Mints the specified amount of tokens to the given address.
     *
     * @param _to Address of the user receiving minted tokens.
     * @param _amount The amount to be minted.
     */
    function mint(address _to, uint256 _amount) external;

    /**
     * @notice Burns tokens from the `msg.sender`.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Must be called by the token holder.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Burns the specified amount of tokens from the caller's balance.
     *
     * @param _amount The amount of tokens to be burnt.
     */
    function burn(
        uint256 _amount
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Burns tokens from an address.
     *
     * - Must be called by the Stables Manager Contract
     *
     * @notice Effects: Burns the specified amount of tokens from the specified address.
     *
     * @param _user The user to burn it from.
     * @param _amount The amount of tokens to be burnt.
     */
    function burnFrom(address _user, uint256 _amount) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import { IOracle } from "../oracle/IOracle.sol";

/**
 * @title IManager.
 * @dev Interface for the Manager Contract.
 */
interface IManager {
    // -- Events --

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new contract is whitelisted.
     * @param contractAddress The address of the contract that is whitelisted.
     */
    event ContractWhitelisted(address indexed contractAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a contract is removed from the whitelist.
     * @param contractAddress The address of the contract that is removed from the whitelist.
     */
    event ContractBlacklisted(address indexed contractAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new token is whitelisted.
     * @param token The address of the token that is whitelisted.
     */
    event TokenWhitelisted(address indexed token);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new token is removed from the whitelist.
     * @param token The address of the token that is removed from the whitelist.
     */
    event TokenRemoved(address indexed token);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a withdrawable token is added.
     * @param token The address of the withdrawable token.
     */
    event WithdrawableTokenAdded(address indexed token);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a withdrawable token is removed.
     * @param token The address of the withdrawable token.
     */
    event WithdrawableTokenRemoved(address indexed token);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when invoker is updated.
     * @param component The address of the invoker component.
     * @param allowed Boolean indicating if the invoker is allowed or not.
     */
    event InvokerUpdated(address indexed component, bool allowed);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the holding manager is set.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the holding manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the holding manager.
     */
    event HoldingManagerUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new liquidation manager is requested.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the liquidation manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the liquidation manager.
     */
    event NewLiquidationManagerRequested(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the liquidation manager is set.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the liquidation manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the liquidation manager.
     */
    event LiquidationManagerUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the stablecoin manager is set.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the stablecoin manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the stablecoin manager.
     */
    event StablecoinManagerUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the strategy manager is set.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the strategy manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the strategy manager.
     */
    event StrategyManagerUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new swap manager is requested.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the swap manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the swap manager.
     */
    event NewSwapManagerRequested(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the swap manager is set.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the swap manager.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the swap manager.
     */
    event SwapManagerUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the default fee is updated.
     * @param oldFee The previous fee.
     * @param newFee The new fee.
     */
    event PerformanceFeeUpdated(uint256 indexed oldFee, uint256 indexed newFee);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the withdraw fee is updated.
     * @param oldFee The previous withdraw fee.
     * @param newFee The new withdraw fee.
     */
    event WithdrawalFeeUpdated(uint256 indexed oldFee, uint256 indexed newFee);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the liquidator's bonus is updated.
     * @param oldAmount The previous amount of the liquidator's bonus.
     * @param newAmount The new amount of the liquidator's bonus.
     */
    event LiquidatorBonusUpdated(uint256 oldAmount, uint256 newAmount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the fee address is changed.
     * @param oldAddress The previous fee address.
     * @param newAddress The new fee address.
     */
    event FeeAddressUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the receipt token factory is updated.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the receipt token factory.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the receipt token factory.
     */
    event ReceiptTokenFactoryUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the liquidity gauge factory is updated.
     * @param oldAddress The previous address of the liquidity gauge factory.
     * @param newAddress The new address of the liquidity gauge factory.
     */
    event LiquidityGaugeFactoryUpdated(address indexed oldAddress, address indexed newAddress);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when new oracle is requested.
     * @param newOracle The address of the new oracle.
     */
    event NewOracleRequested(address newOracle);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when the oracle is updated.
     * @param oldOracle The address of the old oracle.
     * @param newOracle The address of the new oracle.
     */
    event OracleUpdated(address indexed oldOracle, address indexed newOracle);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when oracle data is updated.
     * @param oldData The address of the old oracle data.
     * @param newData The address of the new oracle data.
     */
    event OracleDataUpdated(bytes indexed oldData, bytes indexed newData);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a new timelock amount is requested.
     * @param oldVal The previous timelock amount.
     * @param newVal The new timelock amount.
     */
    event TimelockAmountUpdateRequested(uint256 oldVal, uint256 newVal);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when timelock amount is updated.
     * @param oldVal The previous timelock amount.
     * @param newVal The new timelock amount.
     */
    event TimelockAmountUpdated(uint256 oldVal, uint256 newVal);

    // -- Mappings --

    /**
     * @notice Returns true/false for contracts' whitelist status.
     * @param _contract The address of the contract.
     */
    function isContractWhitelisted(
        address _contract
    ) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Returns true if token is whitelisted.
     * @param _token The address of the token.
     */
    function isTokenWhitelisted(
        address _token
    ) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Returns true if the token can be withdrawn from a holding.
     * @param _token The address of the token.
     */
    function isTokenWithdrawable(
        address _token
    ) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Returns true if caller is allowed invoker.
     * @param _invoker The address of the invoker.
     */
    function allowedInvokers(
        address _invoker
    ) external view returns (bool);

    // -- Essential tokens --

    /**
     * @notice WETH address.
     */
    function WETH() external view returns (address);

    // -- Protocol's stablecoin oracle config --

    /**
     * @notice Oracle contract associated with protocol's stablecoin.
     */
    function jUsdOracle() external view returns (IOracle);

    /**
     * @notice Extra oracle data if needed.
     */
    function oracleData() external view returns (bytes calldata);

    // -- Managers --

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the HoldingManager Contract.
     */
    function holdingManager() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the LiquidationManager Contract.
     */
    function liquidationManager() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the StablesManager Contract.
     */
    function stablesManager() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the StrategyManager Contract.
     */
    function strategyManager() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the SwapManager Contract.
     */
    function swapManager() external view returns (address);

    // -- Fees --

    /**
     * @notice Returns the default performance fee.
     * @dev Uses 2 decimal precision, where 1% is represented as 100.
     */
    function performanceFee() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the maximum performance fee.
     * @dev Uses 2 decimal precision, where 1% is represented as 100.
     */
    function MAX_PERFORMANCE_FEE() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Fee for withdrawing from a holding.
     * @dev Uses 2 decimal precision, where 1% is represented as 100.
     */
    function withdrawalFee() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the maximum withdrawal fee.
     * @dev Uses 2 decimal precision, where 1% is represented as 100.
     */
    function MAX_WITHDRAWAL_FEE() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the fee address, where all the fees are collected.
     */
    function feeAddress() external view returns (address);

    // -- Factories --

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the ReceiptTokenFactory.
     */
    function receiptTokenFactory() external view returns (address);

    // -- Utility values --

    /**
     * @notice Minimum allowed jUSD debt amount for a holding to ensure successful liquidation.
     */
    function minDebtAmount() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the collateral rate precision.
     * @dev Should be less than exchange rate precision due to optimization in math.
     */
    function PRECISION() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the exchange rate precision.
     */
    function EXCHANGE_RATE_PRECISION() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Timelock amount in seconds for changing the oracle data.
     */
    function timelockAmount() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the old timelock value for delayed timelock update.
     */
    function oldTimelock() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the new timelock value for delayed timelock update.
     */
    function newTimelock() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the timestamp when the new timelock was requested.
     */
    function newTimelockTimestamp() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the new oracle address for delayed oracle update.
     */
    function newOracle() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the timestamp when the new oracle was requested.
     */
    function newOracleTimestamp() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the new swap manager address for delayed swap manager update.
     */
    function newSwapManager() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the timestamp when the new swap manager was requested.
     */
    function newSwapManagerTimestamp() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the new liquidation manager address for delayed liquidation manager update.
     */
    function newLiquidationManager() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the timestamp when the new liquidation manager was requested.
     */
    function newLiquidationManagerTimestamp() external view returns (uint256);

    // -- Setters --

    /**
     * @notice Whitelists a contract.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_contract` must not be whitelisted.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `isContractWhitelisted` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `ContractWhitelisted` event indicating successful contract whitelist operation.
     *
     * @param _contract The address of the contract to be whitelisted.
     */
    function whitelistContract(
        address _contract
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Blacklists a contract.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_contract` must be whitelisted.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `isContractWhitelisted` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `ContractBlacklisted` event indicating successful contract blacklist operation.
     *
     * @param _contract The address of the contract to be blacklisted.
     */
    function blacklistContract(
        address _contract
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Whitelists a token.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_token` must not be whitelisted.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `isTokenWhitelisted` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `TokenWhitelisted` event indicating successful token whitelist operation.
     *
     * @param _token The address of the token to be whitelisted.
     */
    function whitelistToken(
        address _token
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Removes a token from whitelist.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_token` must be whitelisted.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `isTokenWhitelisted` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `TokenRemoved` event indicating successful token removal operation.
     *
     * @param _token The address of the token to be whitelisted.
     */
    function removeToken(
        address _token
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Registers the `_token` as withdrawable.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `msg.sender` must be owner or `strategyManager`.
     * - `_token` must not be withdrawable.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `isTokenWithdrawable` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `WithdrawableTokenAdded` event indicating successful withdrawable token addition operation.
     *
     * @param _token The address of the token to be added as withdrawable.
     */
    function addWithdrawableToken(
        address _token
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Unregisters the `_token` as withdrawable.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_token` must be withdrawable.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `isTokenWithdrawable` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `WithdrawableTokenRemoved` event indicating successful withdrawable token removal operation.
     *
     * @param _token The address of the token to be removed as withdrawable.
     */
    function removeWithdrawableToken(
        address _token
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets invoker as allowed or forbidden.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `allowedInvokers` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `InvokerUpdated` event indicating successful invoker update operation.
     *
     * @param _component Invoker's address.
     * @param _allowed True/false.
     */
    function updateInvoker(address _component, bool _allowed) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the Holding Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `holdingManager` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `holdingManager` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `HoldingManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Holding Manager's address.
     *
     * @param _val The holding manager's address.
     */
    function setHoldingManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the Liquidation Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Can only be called once.
     * - `_val` must be non-zero address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `liquidationManager` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `LiquidationManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Liquidation Manager's address.
     *
     * @param _val The liquidation manager's address.
     */
    function setLiquidationManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Initiates the process to update the Liquidation Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be non-zero address.
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `liquidationManager` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the the `_newLiquidationManager` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newLiquidationManagerTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `LiquidationManagerUpdateRequested` event indicating successful liquidation manager change request.
     *
     * @param _val The new liquidation manager's address.
     */
    function requestNewLiquidationManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the Liquidation Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `liquidationManager` address.
     * - Timelock must expire.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `liquidationManager` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newLiquidationManager` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newLiquidationManagerTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `LiquidationManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Liquidation Manager's address.
     */
    function acceptNewLiquidationManager() external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the Stablecoin Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `stablesManager` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `stablesManager` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `StablecoinManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Stablecoin Manager's address.
     *
     * @param _val The Stablecoin manager's address.
     */
    function setStablecoinManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the Strategy Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `strategyManager` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `strategyManager` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `StrategyManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Strategy Manager's address.
     *
     * @param _val The Strategy manager's address.
     */
    function setStrategyManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the Swap Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Can only be called once.
     * - `_val` must be non-zero address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `swapManager` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `SwapManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Swap Manager's address.
     *
     * @param _val The Swap manager's address.
     */
    function setSwapManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Initiates the process to update the Swap Manager Contract's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be non-zero address.
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `swapManager` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the the `_newSwapManager` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newSwapManagerTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `NewSwapManagerRequested` event indicating successful swap manager change request.
     *
     * @param _val The new swap manager's address.
     */
    function requestNewSwapManager(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates the Swap Manager Contract    .
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Timelock must expire.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `swapManager` state variable.
     * - Resets `_newSwapManager` to address(0).
     * - Resets `_newSwapManagerTimestamp` to 0.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `SwapManagerUpdated` event indicating the successful setting of the Swap Manager's address.
     */
    function acceptNewSwapManager() external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the performance fee.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be smaller than `FEE_FACTOR` to avoid wrong computations.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `performanceFee` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `PerformanceFeeUpdated` event indicating successful performance fee update operation.
     *
     * @dev `_val` uses 2 decimal precision, where 1% is represented as 100.
     *
     * @param _val The new performance fee value.
     */
    function setPerformanceFee(
        uint256 _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the withdrawal fee.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be smaller than `FEE_FACTOR` to avoid wrong computations.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `withdrawalFee` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `WithdrawalFeeUpdated` event indicating successful withdrawal fee update operation.
     *
     * @dev `_val` uses 2 decimal precision, where 1% is represented as 100.
     *
     * @param _val The new withdrawal fee value.
     */
    function setWithdrawalFee(
        uint256 _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the global fee address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `holdingManager` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `feeAddress` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `FeeAddressUpdated` event indicating successful setting of the global fee address.
     *
     * @param _val The new fee address.
     */
    function setFeeAddress(
        address _val
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the receipt token factory's address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_val` must be different from previous `receiptTokenFactory` address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `receiptTokenFactory` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `ReceiptTokenFactoryUpdated` event indicating successful setting of the `receiptTokenFactory` address.
     *
     * @param _factory Receipt token factory's address.
     */
    function setReceiptTokenFactory(
        address _factory
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Registers jUSD's oracle change request.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Contract must not be in active change.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the the `_isActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newOracle` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newOracleTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `NewOracleRequested` event indicating successful jUSD's oracle change request.
     *
     * @param _oracle Liquidity gauge factory's address.
     */
    function requestNewJUsdOracle(
        address _oracle
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates jUSD's oracle.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Contract must be in active change.
     * - Timelock must expire.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the the `jUsdOracle` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_isActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newOracle` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newOracleTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `OracleUpdated` event indicating successful jUSD's oracle change.
     */
    function acceptNewJUsdOracle() external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates the jUSD's oracle data.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_newOracleData` must be different from previous `oracleData`.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the `oracleData` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `OracleDataUpdated` event indicating successful update of the oracle Data.
     *
     * @param _newOracleData New data used for jUSD's oracle data.
     */
    function setJUsdOracleData(
        bytes calldata _newOracleData
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Sets the minimum debt amount.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_minDebtAmount` must be greater than zero.
     * - `_minDebtAmount` must be different from previous `minDebtAmount`.
     *
     * @param _minDebtAmount The new minimum debt amount.
     */
    function setMinDebtAmount(
        uint256 _minDebtAmount
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Registers timelock change request.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_oldTimelock` must be set zero.
     * - `_newVal` must be greater than zero.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the the `_oldTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newTimelockTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `TimelockAmountUpdateRequested` event indicating successful timelock change request.
     *
     * @param _newVal The new timelock value in seconds.
     */
    function requestNewTimelock(
        uint256 _newVal
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates the timelock amount.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Contract must be in active change.
     * - `_newTimelock` must be greater than zero.
     * - The old timelock must expire.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the the `timelockAmount` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_oldTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates the the `_newTimelockTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `TimelockAmountUpdated` event indicating successful timelock amount change.
     */
    function acceptNewTimelock() external;

    // -- Getters --

    /**
     * @notice Returns the up to date exchange rate of the protocol's stablecoin jUSD.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Oracle must have updated rate.
     * - Rate must be a non zero positive value.
     *
     * @return The current exchange rate.
     */
    function getJUsdExchangeRate() external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import { IJigsawUSD } from "../core/IJigsawUSD.sol";
import { ISharesRegistry } from "../core/ISharesRegistry.sol";
import { IManager } from "./IManager.sol";

/**
 * @title IStablesManager
 * @notice Interface for the Stables Manager.
 */
interface IStablesManager {
    // -- Custom types --

    /**
     * @notice Structure to store state and deployment address for a share registry
     */
    struct ShareRegistryInfo {
        bool active; // Flag indicating if the registry is active
        address deployedAt; // Address where the registry is deployed
    }

    /**
     * @notice Temporary struct used to store data during borrow operations to avoid stack too deep errors.
     * @dev This struct helps organize variables used in the borrow function.
     * @param registry The shares registry contract for the collateral token
     * @param exchangeRatePrecision The precision used for exchange rate calculations
     * @param amount The normalized amount (18 decimals) of collateral being borrowed against
     * @param amountValue The USD value of the collateral amount
     */
    struct BorrowTempData {
        ISharesRegistry registry;
        uint256 exchangeRatePrecision;
        uint256 amount;
        uint256 amountValue;
    }

    // -- Events --

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when collateral is registered.
     * @param holding The address of the holding.
     * @param token The address of the token.
     * @param amount The amount of collateral.
     */
    event AddedCollateral(address indexed holding, address indexed token, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when collateral is unregistered.
     * @param holding The address of the holding.
     * @param token The address of the token.
     * @param amount The amount of collateral.
     */
    event RemovedCollateral(address indexed holding, address indexed token, uint256 amount);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a borrow action is performed.
     * @param holding The address of the holding.
     * @param jUsdMinted The amount of jUSD minted.
     * @param mintToUser Boolean indicating if the amount is minted directly to the user.
     */
    event Borrowed(address indexed holding, uint256 jUsdMinted, bool mintToUser);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a repay action is performed.
     * @param holding The address of the holding.
     * @param amount The amount repaid.
     * @param burnFrom The address to burn from.
     */
    event Repaid(address indexed holding, uint256 amount, address indexed burnFrom);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a registry is added.
     * @param token The address of the token.
     * @param registry The address of the registry.
     */
    event RegistryAdded(address indexed token, address indexed registry);

    /**
     * @notice Emitted when a registry is updated.
     * @param token The address of the token.
     * @param registry The address of the registry.
     */
    event RegistryUpdated(address indexed token, address indexed registry);

    /**
     * @notice Returns total borrowed jUSD amount using `token`.
     * @param _token The address of the token.
     * @return The total borrowed amount.
     */
    function totalBorrowed(
        address _token
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns config info for each token.
     * @param _token The address of the token to get registry info for.
     * @return Boolean indicating if the registry is active and the address of the registry.
     */
    function shareRegistryInfo(
        address _token
    ) external view returns (bool, address);

    /**
     * @notice Returns protocol's stablecoin address.
     * @return The address of the Jigsaw stablecoin.
     */
    function jUSD() external view returns (IJigsawUSD);

    /**
     * @notice Contract that contains all the necessary configs of the protocol.
     * @return The manager contract.
     */
    function manager() external view returns (IManager);

    // -- User specific methods --

    /**
     * @notice Registers new collateral.
     *
     * @dev The amount will be transformed to shares.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - The caller must be allowed to perform this action directly. If user - use Holding Manager Contract.
     * - The `_token` must be whitelisted.
     * - The `_token`'s registry must be active.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Adds collateral for the holding.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `AddedCollateral` event indicating successful collateral addition operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The holding for which collateral is added.
     * @param _token Collateral token.
     * @param _amount Amount of tokens to be added as collateral.
     */
    function addCollateral(address _holding, address _token, uint256 _amount) external;

    /**
     * @notice Unregisters collateral.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - The contract must not be paused.
     * - The caller must be allowed to perform this action directly. If user - use Holding Manager Contract.
     * - The token's registry must be active.
     * - `_holding` must stay solvent after collateral removal.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Removes collateral for the holding.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `RemovedCollateral` event indicating successful collateral removal operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The holding for which collateral is removed.
     * @param _token Collateral token.
     * @param _amount Amount of collateral.
     */
    function removeCollateral(address _holding, address _token, uint256 _amount) external;

    /**
     * @notice Unregisters collateral.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - The caller must be the LiquidationManager.
     * - The token's registry must be active.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Force removes collateral from the `_holding` in case of liquidation, without checking if user is solvent after
     * collateral removal.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `RemovedCollateral` event indicating successful collateral removal operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The holding for which collateral is added.
     * @param _token Collateral token.
     * @param _amount Amount of collateral.
     */
    function forceRemoveCollateral(address _holding, address _token, uint256 _amount) external;

    /**
     * @notice Mints stablecoin to the user.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - The caller must be allowed to perform this action directly. If user - use Holding Manager Contract.
     * - The token's registry must be active.
     * - `_amount` must be greater than zero.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Mints stablecoin based on the collateral amount.
     * - Updates the total borrowed jUSD amount for `_token`, used for borrowing.
     * - Updates `_holdings`'s borrowed amount in `token`'s registry contract.
     * - Ensures the holding remains solvent.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `Borrowed`.
     *
     * @param _holding The holding for which collateral is added.
     * @param _token Collateral token.
     * @param _amount The collateral amount equivalent for borrowed jUSD.
     * @param _minJUsdAmountOut The minimum amount of jUSD that is expected to be received.
     * @param _mintDirectlyToUser If true, mints to user instead of holding.
     *
     * @return jUsdMintAmount The amount of jUSD minted.
     */
    function borrow(
        address _holding,
        address _token,
        uint256 _amount,
        uint256 _minJUsdAmountOut,
        bool _mintDirectlyToUser
    ) external returns (uint256 jUsdMintAmount);

    /**
     * @notice Repays debt.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - The caller must be allowed to perform this action directly. If user - use Holding Manager Contract.
     * - The token's registry must be active.
     * - The holding must have a positive borrowed amount.
     * - `_amount` must not exceed `holding`'s borrowed amount.
     * - `_amount` must be greater than zero.
     * - `_burnFrom` must not be the zero address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates the total borrowed jUSD amount for `_token`, used for borrowing.
     * - Updates `_holdings`'s borrowed amount in `token`'s registry contract.
     * - Burns `_amount` jUSD tokens from `_burnFrom` address
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `Repaid` event indicating successful repay operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The holding for which repay is performed.
     * @param _token Collateral token.
     * @param _amount The repaid jUSD amount.
     * @param _burnFrom The address to burn from.
     */
    function repay(address _holding, address _token, uint256 _amount, address _burnFrom) external;

    // -- Administration --

    /**
     * @notice Triggers stopped state.
     */
    function pause() external;

    /**
     * @notice Returns to normal state.
     */
    function unpause() external;

    // -- Getters --

    /**
     * @notice Returns true if user is solvent for the specified token.
     *
     * @dev The method reverts if block.timestamp - _maxTimeRange > exchangeRateUpdatedAt.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_holding` must not be the zero address.
     * - There must be registry for `_token`.
     *
     * @param _token The token for which the check is done.
     * @param _holding The user address.
     *
     * @return flag indicating whether `holding` is solvent.
     */
    function isSolvent(address _token, address _holding) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Checks if a holding can be liquidated for a specific token.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_holding` must not be the zero address.
     * - There must be registry for `_token`.
     *
     * @param _token The token for which the check is done.
     * @param _holding The user address.
     *
     * @return flag indicating whether `holding` is liquidatable.
     */
    function isLiquidatable(address _token, address _holding) external view returns (bool);

    /**
     * @notice Computes the solvency ratio.
     *
     * @dev Solvency ratio is calculated based on the used collateral type, its collateralization and exchange rates,
     * and `_holding`'s borrowed amount.
     *
     * @param _holding The holding address to check for.
     * @param registry The Shares Registry Contract for the token.
     * @param rate The rate to compute ratio for (either collateralization rate for `isSolvent` or liquidation
     * threshold for `isLiquidatable`).
     *
     * @return The calculated solvency ratio.
     */
    function getRatio(address _holding, ISharesRegistry registry, uint256 rate) external view returns (uint256);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }

    function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the value of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets a `value` amount of tokens as the allowance of `spender` over the
     * caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 value) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves a `value` amount of tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `value` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {IERC20} from "../IERC20.sol";

/**
 * @dev Interface for the optional metadata functions from the ERC20 standard.
 */
interface IERC20Metadata is IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the name of the token.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the symbol of the token.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the decimals places of the token.
     */
    function decimals() external view returns (uint8);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC20 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC20 tokens.
 */
interface IERC20Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     */
    error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC721 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC721 tokens.
 */
interface IERC721Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in EIP-20.
     * Used in balance queries.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}

/**
 * @dev Standard ERC1155 Errors
 * Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC1155 tokens.
 */
interface IERC1155Errors {
    /**
     * @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     * @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
     * @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
     * @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
     * @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
     * @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     * @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
     */
    error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
     * @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
     * Used in batch transfers.
     * @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
     * @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
     */
    error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 *
 * ==== Security Considerations
 *
 * There are two important considerations concerning the use of `permit`. The first is that a valid permit signature
 * expresses an allowance, and it should not be assumed to convey additional meaning. In particular, it should not be
 * considered as an intention to spend the allowance in any specific way. The second is that because permits have
 * built-in replay protection and can be submitted by anyone, they can be frontrun. A protocol that uses permits should
 * take this into consideration and allow a `permit` call to fail. Combining these two aspects, a pattern that may be
 * generally recommended is:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * function doThingWithPermit(..., uint256 value, uint256 deadline, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public {
 *     try token.permit(msg.sender, address(this), value, deadline, v, r, s) {} catch {}
 *     doThing(..., value);
 * }
 *
 * function doThing(..., uint256 value) public {
 *     token.safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), value);
 *     ...
 * }
 * ```
 *
 * Observe that: 1) `msg.sender` is used as the owner, leaving no ambiguity as to the signer intent, and 2) the use of
 * `try/catch` allows the permit to fail and makes the code tolerant to frontrunning. (See also
 * {SafeERC20-safeTransferFrom}).
 *
 * Additionally, note that smart contract wallets (such as Argent or Safe) are not able to produce permit signatures, so
 * contracts should have entry points that don't rely on permit.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     *
     * CAUTION: See Security Considerations above.
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/cryptography/ECDSA.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) operations.
 *
 * These functions can be used to verify that a message was signed by the holder
 * of the private keys of a given address.
 */
library ECDSA {
    enum RecoverError {
        NoError,
        InvalidSignature,
        InvalidSignatureLength,
        InvalidSignatureS
    }

    /**
     * @dev The signature derives the `address(0)`.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignature();

    /**
     * @dev The signature has an invalid length.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev The signature has an S value that is in the upper half order.
     */
    error ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(bytes32 s);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with `signature` or an error. This will not
     * return address(0) without also returning an error description. Errors are documented using an enum (error type)
     * and a bytes32 providing additional information about the error.
     *
     * If no error is returned, then the address can be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     *
     * Documentation for signature generation:
     * - with https://web3js.readthedocs.io/en/v1.3.4/web3-eth-accounts.html#sign[Web3.js]
     * - with https://docs.ethers.io/v5/api/signer/#Signer-signMessage[ethers]
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError, bytes32) {
        if (signature.length == 65) {
            bytes32 r;
            bytes32 s;
            uint8 v;
            // ecrecover takes the signature parameters, and the only way to get them
            // currently is to use assembly.
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                r := mload(add(signature, 0x20))
                s := mload(add(signature, 0x40))
                v := byte(0, mload(add(signature, 0x60)))
            }
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        } else {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength, bytes32(signature.length));
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address that signed a hashed message (`hash`) with
     * `signature`. This address can then be used for verification purposes.
     *
     * The `ecrecover` EVM precompile allows for malleable (non-unique) signatures:
     * this function rejects them by requiring the `s` value to be in the lower
     * half order, and the `v` value to be either 27 or 28.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: `hash` _must_ be the result of a hash operation for the
     * verification to be secure: it is possible to craft signatures that
     * recover to arbitrary addresses for non-hashed data. A safe way to ensure
     * this is by receiving a hash of the original message (which may otherwise
     * be too long), and then calling {MessageHashUtils-toEthSignedMessageHash} on it.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes memory signature) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, signature);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `r` and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     *
     * See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2098[EIP-2098 short signatures]
     */
    function tryRecover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError, bytes32) {
        unchecked {
            bytes32 s = vs & bytes32(0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
            // We do not check for an overflow here since the shift operation results in 0 or 1.
            uint8 v = uint8((uint256(vs) >> 255) + 27);
            return tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `r and `vs` short-signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, bytes32 r, bytes32 vs) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, r, vs);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-tryRecover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function tryRecover(
        bytes32 hash,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal pure returns (address, RecoverError, bytes32) {
        // EIP-2 still allows signature malleability for ecrecover(). Remove this possibility and make the signature
        // unique. Appendix F in the Ethereum Yellow paper (https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), defines
        // the valid range for s in (301): 0 < s < secp256k1n ÷ 2 + 1, and for v in (302): v ∈ {27, 28}. Most
        // signatures from current libraries generate a unique signature with an s-value in the lower half order.
        //
        // If your library generates malleable signatures, such as s-values in the upper range, calculate a new s-value
        // with 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEBAAEDCE6AF48A03BBFD25E8CD0364141 - s1 and flip v from 27 to 28 or
        // vice versa. If your library also generates signatures with 0/1 for v instead 27/28, add 27 to v to accept
        // these malleable signatures as well.
        if (uint256(s) > 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF5D576E7357A4501DDFE92F46681B20A0) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS, s);
        }

        // If the signature is valid (and not malleable), return the signer address
        address signer = ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
        if (signer == address(0)) {
            return (address(0), RecoverError.InvalidSignature, bytes32(0));
        }

        return (signer, RecoverError.NoError, bytes32(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Overload of {ECDSA-recover} that receives the `v`,
     * `r` and `s` signature fields separately.
     */
    function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) internal pure returns (address) {
        (address recovered, RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) = tryRecover(hash, v, r, s);
        _throwError(error, errorArg);
        return recovered;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Optionally reverts with the corresponding custom error according to the `error` argument provided.
     */
    function _throwError(RecoverError error, bytes32 errorArg) private pure {
        if (error == RecoverError.NoError) {
            return; // no error: do nothing
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignature) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignature();
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureLength) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength(uint256(errorArg));
        } else if (error == RecoverError.InvalidSignatureS) {
            revert ECDSAInvalidSignatureS(errorArg);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/cryptography/EIP712.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {MessageHashUtils} from "./MessageHashUtils.sol";
import {ShortStrings, ShortString} from "../ShortStrings.sol";
import {IERC5267} from "../../interfaces/IERC5267.sol";

/**
 * @dev https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712] is a standard for hashing and signing of typed structured data.
 *
 * The encoding scheme specified in the EIP requires a domain separator and a hash of the typed structured data, whose
 * encoding is very generic and therefore its implementation in Solidity is not feasible, thus this contract
 * does not implement the encoding itself. Protocols need to implement the type-specific encoding they need in order to
 * produce the hash of their typed data using a combination of `abi.encode` and `keccak256`.
 *
 * This contract implements the EIP 712 domain separator ({_domainSeparatorV4}) that is used as part of the encoding
 * scheme, and the final step of the encoding to obtain the message digest that is then signed via ECDSA
 * ({_hashTypedDataV4}).
 *
 * The implementation of the domain separator was designed to be as efficient as possible while still properly updating
 * the chain id to protect against replay attacks on an eventual fork of the chain.
 *
 * NOTE: This contract implements the version of the encoding known as "v4", as implemented by the JSON RPC method
 * https://docs.metamask.io/guide/signing-data.html[`eth_signTypedDataV4` in MetaMask].
 *
 * NOTE: In the upgradeable version of this contract, the cached values will correspond to the address, and the domain
 * separator of the implementation contract. This will cause the {_domainSeparatorV4} function to always rebuild the
 * separator from the immutable values, which is cheaper than accessing a cached version in cold storage.
 *
 * @custom:oz-upgrades-unsafe-allow state-variable-immutable
 */
abstract contract EIP712 is IERC5267 {
    using ShortStrings for *;

    bytes32 private constant TYPE_HASH =
        keccak256("EIP712Domain(string name,string version,uint256 chainId,address verifyingContract)");

    // Cache the domain separator as an immutable value, but also store the chain id that it corresponds to, in order to
    // invalidate the cached domain separator if the chain id changes.
    bytes32 private immutable _cachedDomainSeparator;
    uint256 private immutable _cachedChainId;
    address private immutable _cachedThis;

    bytes32 private immutable _hashedName;
    bytes32 private immutable _hashedVersion;

    ShortString private immutable _name;
    ShortString private immutable _version;
    string private _nameFallback;
    string private _versionFallback;

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the domain separator and parameter caches.
     *
     * The meaning of `name` and `version` is specified in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-domainseparator[EIP 712]:
     *
     * - `name`: the user readable name of the signing domain, i.e. the name of the DApp or the protocol.
     * - `version`: the current major version of the signing domain.
     *
     * NOTE: These parameters cannot be changed except through a xref:learn::upgrading-smart-contracts.adoc[smart
     * contract upgrade].
     */
    constructor(string memory name, string memory version) {
        _name = name.toShortStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
        _version = version.toShortStringWithFallback(_versionFallback);
        _hashedName = keccak256(bytes(name));
        _hashedVersion = keccak256(bytes(version));

        _cachedChainId = block.chainid;
        _cachedDomainSeparator = _buildDomainSeparator();
        _cachedThis = address(this);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator for the current chain.
     */
    function _domainSeparatorV4() internal view returns (bytes32) {
        if (address(this) == _cachedThis && block.chainid == _cachedChainId) {
            return _cachedDomainSeparator;
        } else {
            return _buildDomainSeparator();
        }
    }

    function _buildDomainSeparator() private view returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encode(TYPE_HASH, _hashedName, _hashedVersion, block.chainid, address(this)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Given an already https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712#definition-of-hashstruct[hashed struct], this
     * function returns the hash of the fully encoded EIP712 message for this domain.
     *
     * This hash can be used together with {ECDSA-recover} to obtain the signer of a message. For example:
     *
     * ```solidity
     * bytes32 digest = _hashTypedDataV4(keccak256(abi.encode(
     *     keccak256("Mail(address to,string contents)"),
     *     mailTo,
     *     keccak256(bytes(mailContents))
     * )));
     * address signer = ECDSA.recover(digest, signature);
     * ```
     */
    function _hashTypedDataV4(bytes32 structHash) internal view virtual returns (bytes32) {
        return MessageHashUtils.toTypedDataHash(_domainSeparatorV4(), structHash);
    }

    /**
     * @dev See {IERC-5267}.
     */
    function eip712Domain()
        public
        view
        virtual
        returns (
            bytes1 fields,
            string memory name,
            string memory version,
            uint256 chainId,
            address verifyingContract,
            bytes32 salt,
            uint256[] memory extensions
        )
    {
        return (
            hex"0f", // 01111
            _EIP712Name(),
            _EIP712Version(),
            block.chainid,
            address(this),
            bytes32(0),
            new uint256[](0)
        );
    }

    /**
     * @dev The name parameter for the EIP712 domain.
     *
     * NOTE: By default this function reads _name which is an immutable value.
     * It only reads from storage if necessary (in case the value is too large to fit in a ShortString).
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function _EIP712Name() internal view returns (string memory) {
        return _name.toStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
    }

    /**
     * @dev The version parameter for the EIP712 domain.
     *
     * NOTE: By default this function reads _version which is an immutable value.
     * It only reads from storage if necessary (in case the value is too large to fit in a ShortString).
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function _EIP712Version() internal view returns (string memory) {
        return _version.toStringWithFallback(_versionFallback);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Nonces.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Provides tracking nonces for addresses. Nonces will only increment.
 */
abstract contract Nonces {
    /**
     * @dev The nonce used for an `account` is not the expected current nonce.
     */
    error InvalidAccountNonce(address account, uint256 currentNonce);

    mapping(address account => uint256) private _nonces;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the next unused nonce for an address.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
        return _nonces[owner];
    }

    /**
     * @dev Consumes a nonce.
     *
     * Returns the current value and increments nonce.
     */
    function _useNonce(address owner) internal virtual returns (uint256) {
        // For each account, the nonce has an initial value of 0, can only be incremented by one, and cannot be
        // decremented or reset. This guarantees that the nonce never overflows.
        unchecked {
            // It is important to do x++ and not ++x here.
            return _nonces[owner]++;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {_useNonce} but checking that `nonce` is the next valid for `owner`.
     */
    function _useCheckedNonce(address owner, uint256 nonce) internal virtual {
        uint256 current = _useNonce(owner);
        if (nonce != current) {
            revert InvalidAccountNonce(owner, current);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IOracle {
    // -- State variables --

    /**
     * @notice Returns the address of the token the oracle is for.
     */
    function underlying() external view returns (address);

    // -- Functions --

    /**
     * @notice Returns a human readable name of the underlying of the oracle.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice Returns a human readable symbol of the underlying of the oracle.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @notice Check the last exchange rate without any state changes.
     *
     * @param data Implementation specific data that contains information and arguments to & about the oracle.
     *
     * @return success If no valid (recent) rate is available, returns false else true.
     * @return rate The rate of the requested asset / pair / pool.
     */
    function peek(
        bytes calldata data
    ) external view returns (bool success, uint256 rate);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import { IOracle } from "../oracle/IOracle.sol";
import { IManager } from "./IManager.sol";

/**
 * @title ISharesRegistry
 * @dev Interface for the Shares Registry Contract.
 * @dev Based on MIM CauldraonV2 contract.
 */
interface ISharesRegistry {
    /**
     * @notice Configuration struct for registry parameters.
     * @dev Used to store key parameters that control collateral and liquidation behavior.
     *
     * @param collateralizationRate The minimum collateral ratio required, expressed as a percentage with precision.
     * @param liquidationBuffer Is a value, that represents the buffer between the collateralization rate and the
     * liquidation threshold, upon which the liquidation is allowed.
     * @param liquidatorBonus The bonus percentage given to liquidators as incentive, expressed with precision.
     */
    struct RegistryConfig {
        uint256 collateralizationRate;
        uint256 liquidationBuffer;
        uint256 liquidatorBonus;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when borrowed amount is set.
     * @param _holding The address of the holding.
     * @param oldVal The old value.
     * @param newVal The new value.
     */
    event BorrowedSet(address indexed _holding, uint256 oldVal, uint256 newVal);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when collateral is registered.
     * @param user The address of the user.
     * @param share The amount of shares.
     */
    event CollateralAdded(address indexed user, uint256 share);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when collateral was unregistered.
     * @param user The address of the user.
     * @param share The amount of shares.
     */
    event CollateralRemoved(address indexed user, uint256 share);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when the collateralization rate is updated.
     * @param oldVal The old value.
     * @param newVal The new value.
     */
    event CollateralizationRateUpdated(uint256 oldVal, uint256 newVal);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when a new oracle is requested.
     * @param newOracle The new oracle address.
     */
    event NewOracleRequested(address newOracle);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when the oracle is updated.
     */
    event OracleUpdated();

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when new oracle data is requested.
     * @param newData The new data.
     */
    event NewOracleDataRequested(bytes newData);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when oracle data is updated.
     */
    event OracleDataUpdated();

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when a new timelock amount is requested.
     * @param oldVal The old value.
     * @param newVal The new value.
     */
    event TimelockAmountUpdateRequested(uint256 oldVal, uint256 newVal);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when timelock amount is updated.
     * @param oldVal The old value.
     * @param newVal The new value.
     */
    event TimelockAmountUpdated(uint256 oldVal, uint256 newVal);

    /**
     * @notice Event emitted when the config is updated.
     * @param token The token address.
     * @param oldVal The old config.
     * @param newVal The new config.
     */
    event ConfigUpdated(address indexed token, RegistryConfig oldVal, RegistryConfig newVal);

    /**
     * @notice Returns holding's borrowed amount.
     * @param _holding The address of the holding.
     * @return The borrowed amount.
     */
    function borrowed(
        address _holding
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns holding's available collateral amount.
     * @param _holding The address of the holding.
     * @return The collateral amount.
     */
    function collateral(
        address _holding
    ) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the token address for which this registry was created.
     * @return The token address.
     */
    function token() external view returns (address);

    /**
     * @notice Contract that contains all the necessary configs of the protocol.
     * @return The manager contract.
     */
    function manager() external view returns (IManager);

    /**
     * @notice Oracle contract associated with this share registry.
     * @return The oracle contract.
     */
    function oracle() external view returns (IOracle);

    /**
     * @notice Extra oracle data if needed.
     * @return The oracle data.
     */
    function oracleData() external view returns (bytes calldata);

    /**
     * @notice Current timelock amount.
     * @return The timelock amount.
     */
    function timelockAmount() external view returns (uint256);

    // -- User specific methods --

    /**
     * @notice Updates `_holding`'s borrowed amount.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `msg.sender` must be the Stables Manager Contract.
     * - `_newVal` must be greater than or equal to the minimum debt amount.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `borrowed` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `BorrowedSet` indicating holding's borrowed amount update operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The address of the user's holding.
     * @param _newVal The new borrowed amount.
     */
    function setBorrowed(address _holding, uint256 _newVal) external;

    /**
     * @notice Registers collateral for user's `_holding`.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `msg.sender` must be the Stables Manager Contract.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `collateral` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `CollateralAdded` event indicating collateral addition operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The address of the user's holding.
     * @param _share The new collateral shares.
     */
    function registerCollateral(address _holding, uint256 _share) external;

    /**
     * @notice Registers a collateral removal operation for user's `_holding`.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `msg.sender` must be the Stables Manager Contract.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `collateral` mapping.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `CollateralRemoved` event indicating collateral removal operation.
     *
     * @param _holding The address of the user's holding.
     * @param _share The new collateral shares.
     */
    function unregisterCollateral(address _holding, uint256 _share) external;

    // -- Administration --

    /**
     * @notice Updates the registry configuration parameters.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `config` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `ConfigUpdated` event indicating config update operation.
     *
     * @param _newConfig The new configuration parameters.
     */
    function updateConfig(
        RegistryConfig memory _newConfig
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Requests a change for the oracle address.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Previous oracle change request must have expired or been accepted.
     * - No timelock or oracle data change requests should be active.
     * - `_oracle` must not be the zero address.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `_isOracleActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracle` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracleTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `NewOracleRequested` event indicating new oracle request.
     *
     * @param _oracle The new oracle address.
     */
    function requestNewOracle(
        address _oracle
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates the oracle.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Oracle change must have been requested and the timelock must have passed.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `oracle` state variable.
     * - Updates `_isOracleActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracle` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracleTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `OracleUpdated` event indicating oracle update.
     */
    function setOracle() external;

    /**
     * @notice Requests a change for oracle data.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Previous oracle data change request must have expired or been accepted.
     * - No timelock or oracle change requests should be active.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `_isOracleDataActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracleData` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracleDataTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `NewOracleDataRequested` event indicating new oracle data request.
     *
     * @param _data The new oracle data.
     */
    function requestNewOracleData(
        bytes calldata _data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates the oracle data.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Oracle data change must have been requested and the timelock must have passed.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `oracleData` state variable.
     * - Updates `_isOracleDataActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracleData` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newOracleDataTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `OracleDataUpdated` event indicating oracle data update.
     */
    function setOracleData() external;

    /**
     * @notice Requests a timelock update.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - `_newVal` must not be zero.
     * - Previous timelock change request must have expired or been accepted.
     * - No oracle or oracle data change requests should be active.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `_isTimelockActiveChange` state variable.
     * - Updates `_oldTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newTimelockTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `TimelockAmountUpdateRequested` event indicating timelock change request.
     *
     * @param _newVal The new value in seconds.
     */
    function requestTimelockAmountChange(
        uint256 _newVal
    ) external;

    /**
     * @notice Updates the timelock amount.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Timelock change must have been requested and the timelock must have passed.
     * - The timelock for timelock change must have already expired.
     *
     * @notice Effects:
     * - Updates `timelockAmount` state variable.
     * - Updates `_oldTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newTimelock` state variable.
     * - Updates `_newTimelockTimestamp` state variable.
     *
     * @notice Emits:
     * - `TimelockAmountUpdated` event indicating timelock amount change operation.
     */
    function acceptTimelockAmountChange() external;

    // -- Getters --

    /**
     * @notice Returns the up to date exchange rate of the `token`.
     *
     * @notice Requirements:
     * - Oracle must provide an updated rate.
     *
     * @return The updated exchange rate.
     */
    function getExchangeRate() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @notice Returns the configuration parameters for the registry.
     * @return The RegistryConfig struct containing the parameters.
     */
    function getConfig() external view returns (RegistryConfig memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/cryptography/MessageHashUtils.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Strings} from "../Strings.sol";

/**
 * @dev Signature message hash utilities for producing digests to be consumed by {ECDSA} recovery or signing.
 *
 * The library provides methods for generating a hash of a message that conforms to the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191[EIP 191] and https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[EIP 712]
 * specifications.
 */
library MessageHashUtils {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-191 signed data with version
     * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing a bytes32 `messageHash` with
     * `"\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32"` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the
     * hash signed when using the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.
     *
     * NOTE: The `messageHash` parameter is intended to be the result of hashing a raw message with
     * keccak256, although any bytes32 value can be safely used because the final digest will
     * be re-hashed.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes32 messageHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(0x00, "\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n32") // 32 is the bytes-length of messageHash
            mstore(0x1c, messageHash) // 0x1c (28) is the length of the prefix
            digest := keccak256(0x00, 0x3c) // 0x3c is the length of the prefix (0x1c) + messageHash (0x20)
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-191 signed data with version
     * `0x45` (`personal_sign` messages).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `message` with
     * `"\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n" + len(message)` and hashing the result. It corresponds with the
     * hash signed when using the https://eth.wiki/json-rpc/API#eth_sign[`eth_sign`] JSON-RPC method.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toEthSignedMessageHash(bytes memory message) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return
            keccak256(bytes.concat("\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n", bytes(Strings.toString(message.length)), message));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-191 signed data with version
     * `0x00` (data with intended validator).
     *
     * The digest is calculated by prefixing an arbitrary `data` with `"\x19\x00"` and the intended
     * `validator` address. Then hashing the result.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toDataWithIntendedValidatorHash(address validator, bytes memory data) internal pure returns (bytes32) {
        return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(hex"19_00", validator, data));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the keccak256 digest of an EIP-712 typed data (EIP-191 version `0x01`).
     *
     * The digest is calculated from a `domainSeparator` and a `structHash`, by prefixing them with
     * `\x19\x01` and hashing the result. It corresponds to the hash signed by the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712[`eth_signTypedData`] JSON-RPC method as part of EIP-712.
     *
     * See {ECDSA-recover}.
     */
    function toTypedDataHash(bytes32 domainSeparator, bytes32 structHash) internal pure returns (bytes32 digest) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            let ptr := mload(0x40)
            mstore(ptr, hex"19_01")
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x02), domainSeparator)
            mstore(add(ptr, 0x22), structHash)
            digest := keccak256(ptr, 0x42)
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/ShortStrings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {StorageSlot} from "./StorageSlot.sol";

// | string  | 0xAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA   |
// | length  | 0x                                                              BB |
type ShortString is bytes32;

/**
 * @dev This library provides functions to convert short memory strings
 * into a `ShortString` type that can be used as an immutable variable.
 *
 * Strings of arbitrary length can be optimized using this library if
 * they are short enough (up to 31 bytes) by packing them with their
 * length (1 byte) in a single EVM word (32 bytes). Additionally, a
 * fallback mechanism can be used for every other case.
 *
 * Usage example:
 *
 * ```solidity
 * contract Named {
 *     using ShortStrings for *;
 *
 *     ShortString private immutable _name;
 *     string private _nameFallback;
 *
 *     constructor(string memory contractName) {
 *         _name = contractName.toShortStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
 *     }
 *
 *     function name() external view returns (string memory) {
 *         return _name.toStringWithFallback(_nameFallback);
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 */
library ShortStrings {
    // Used as an identifier for strings longer than 31 bytes.
    bytes32 private constant FALLBACK_SENTINEL = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000FF;

    error StringTooLong(string str);
    error InvalidShortString();

    /**
     * @dev Encode a string of at most 31 chars into a `ShortString`.
     *
     * This will trigger a `StringTooLong` error is the input string is too long.
     */
    function toShortString(string memory str) internal pure returns (ShortString) {
        bytes memory bstr = bytes(str);
        if (bstr.length > 31) {
            revert StringTooLong(str);
        }
        return ShortString.wrap(bytes32(uint256(bytes32(bstr)) | bstr.length));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decode a `ShortString` back to a "normal" string.
     */
    function toString(ShortString sstr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 len = byteLength(sstr);
        // using `new string(len)` would work locally but is not memory safe.
        string memory str = new string(32);
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            mstore(str, len)
            mstore(add(str, 0x20), sstr)
        }
        return str;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the length of a `ShortString`.
     */
    function byteLength(ShortString sstr) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = uint256(ShortString.unwrap(sstr)) & 0xFF;
        if (result > 31) {
            revert InvalidShortString();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Encode a string into a `ShortString`, or write it to storage if it is too long.
     */
    function toShortStringWithFallback(string memory value, string storage store) internal returns (ShortString) {
        if (bytes(value).length < 32) {
            return toShortString(value);
        } else {
            StorageSlot.getStringSlot(store).value = value;
            return ShortString.wrap(FALLBACK_SENTINEL);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Decode a string that was encoded to `ShortString` or written to storage using {setWithFallback}.
     */
    function toStringWithFallback(ShortString value, string storage store) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        if (ShortString.unwrap(value) != FALLBACK_SENTINEL) {
            return toString(value);
        } else {
            return store;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the length of a string that was encoded to `ShortString` or written to storage using
     * {setWithFallback}.
     *
     * WARNING: This will return the "byte length" of the string. This may not reflect the actual length in terms of
     * actual characters as the UTF-8 encoding of a single character can span over multiple bytes.
     */
    function byteLengthWithFallback(ShortString value, string storage store) internal view returns (uint256) {
        if (ShortString.unwrap(value) != FALLBACK_SENTINEL) {
            return byteLength(value);
        } else {
            return bytes(store).length;
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (interfaces/IERC5267.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

interface IERC5267 {
    /**
     * @dev MAY be emitted to signal that the domain could have changed.
     */
    event EIP712DomainChanged();

    /**
     * @dev returns the fields and values that describe the domain separator used by this contract for EIP-712
     * signature.
     */
    function eip712Domain()
        external
        view
        returns (
            bytes1 fields,
            string memory name,
            string memory version,
            uint256 chainId,
            address verifyingContract,
            bytes32 salt,
            uint256[] memory extensions
        );
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
     */
    error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        uint256 localValue = value;
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
            localValue >>= 4;
        }
        if (localValue != 0) {
            revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
        }
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
     * representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
     */
    function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/StorageSlot.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/StorageSlot.js.

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Library for reading and writing primitive types to specific storage slots.
 *
 * Storage slots are often used to avoid storage conflict when dealing with upgradeable contracts.
 * This library helps with reading and writing to such slots without the need for inline assembly.
 *
 * The functions in this library return Slot structs that contain a `value` member that can be used to read or write.
 *
 * Example usage to set ERC1967 implementation slot:
 * ```solidity
 * contract ERC1967 {
 *     bytes32 internal constant _IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT = 0x360894a13ba1a3210667c828492db98dca3e2076cc3735a920a3ca505d382bbc;
 *
 *     function _getImplementation() internal view returns (address) {
 *         return StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value;
 *     }
 *
 *     function _setImplementation(address newImplementation) internal {
 *         require(newImplementation.code.length > 0);
 *         StorageSlot.getAddressSlot(_IMPLEMENTATION_SLOT).value = newImplementation;
 *     }
 * }
 * ```
 */
library StorageSlot {
    struct AddressSlot {
        address value;
    }

    struct BooleanSlot {
        bool value;
    }

    struct Bytes32Slot {
        bytes32 value;
    }

    struct Uint256Slot {
        uint256 value;
    }

    struct StringSlot {
        string value;
    }

    struct BytesSlot {
        bytes value;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `AddressSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getAddressSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (AddressSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BooleanSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBooleanSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BooleanSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Bytes32Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytes32Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Bytes32Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `Uint256Slot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getUint256Slot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (Uint256Slot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `StringSlot` representation of the string storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getStringSlot(string storage store) internal pure returns (StringSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` with member `value` located at `slot`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes32 slot) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := slot
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns an `BytesSlot` representation of the bytes storage pointer `store`.
     */
    function getBytesSlot(bytes storage store) internal pure returns (BytesSlot storage r) {
        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            r.slot := store.slot
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    /**
     * @dev Muldiv operation overflow.
     */
    error MathOverflowedMulDiv();

    enum Rounding {
        Floor, // Toward negative infinity
        Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
        Trunc, // Toward zero
        Expand // Away from zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 c = a + b;
            if (c < a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b > a) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a - b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an overflow flag.
     */
    function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
            // benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
            // See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
            if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
            uint256 c = a * b;
            if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
            return (true, c);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a / b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a division by zero flag.
     */
    function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool, uint256) {
        unchecked {
            if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
            return (true, a % b);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
     * of rounding towards zero.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (b == 0) {
            // Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
            return a / b;
        }

        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
     * denominator == 0.
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
     * Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                // Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
                // The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
                // See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            if (denominator <= prod1) {
                revert MathOverflowedMulDiv();
            }

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
            // Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
            // works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
     * towards zero.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
                value /= 10 ** 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
                value /= 10 ** 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
                value /= 10 ** 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
                value /= 10 ** 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
                value /= 10 ** 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
                value /= 10 ** 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
     */
    function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

/**
 * @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library SignedMath {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
     */
    function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
     * The result is rounded towards zero.
     */
    function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
        // Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
        int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
        return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
     */
    function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            // must be unchecked in order to support `n = type(int256).min`
            return uint256(n >= 0 ? n : -n);
        }
    }
}

{
  "remappings": [
    "@openzeppelin/contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/",
    "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/contracts/",
    "ds-test/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/lib/forge-std/lib/ds-test/src/",
    "erc4626-tests/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/lib/erc4626-tests/",
    "forge-std/=lib/forge-std/src/",
    "openzeppelin-contracts/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts/",
    "@uniswap/v3-core/=lib/v3-core/",
    "@uniswap/v3-periphery/=lib/v3-periphery/",
    "@pyth/=lib/pyth-sdk-solidity/",
    "openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/=lib/openzeppelin-contracts-upgradeable/",
    "pyth-sdk-solidity/=lib/pyth-sdk-solidity/",
    "v3-core/=lib/v3-core/contracts/",
    "v3-periphery/=lib/v3-periphery/contracts/"
  ],
  "optimizer": {
    "enabled": true,
    "runs": 100000
  },
  "metadata": {
    "useLiteralContent": false,
    "bytecodeHash": "ipfs",
    "appendCBOR": true
  },
  "outputSelection": {
    "*": {
      "*": [
        "evm.bytecode",
        "evm.deployedBytecode",
        "devdoc",
        "userdoc",
        "metadata",
        "abi"
      ]
    }
  },
  "evmVersion": "cancun",
  "viaIR": false,
  "libraries": {}
}

• No Contract Security Audit Submitted- Submit Audit Here

[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_initialOwner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_manager","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"inputs":[],"name":"ECDSAInvalidSignature","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"length","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ECDSAInvalidSignatureLength","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"ECDSAInvalidSignatureS","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"allowance","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"needed","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ERC20InsufficientAllowance","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"balance","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"needed","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ERC20InsufficientBalance","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"approver","type":"address"}],"name":"ERC20InvalidApprover","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"receiver","type":"address"}],"name":"ERC20InvalidReceiver","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"sender","type":"address"}],"name":"ERC20InvalidSender","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"}],"name":"ERC20InvalidSpender","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ERC2612ExpiredSignature","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"signer","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"}],"name":"ERC2612InvalidSigner","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"currentNonce","type":"uint256"}],"name":"InvalidAccountNonce","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidShortString","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnableInvalidOwner","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnableUnauthorizedAccount","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"str","type":"string"}],"name":"StringTooLong","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Approval","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[],"name":"EIP712DomainChanged","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"oldLimit","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"newLimit","type":"uint256"}],"name":"MintLimitUpdated","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferStarted","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferred","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"},{"inputs":[],"name":"DOMAIN_SEPARATOR","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"acceptOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"account","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"burn","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_user","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"burnFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint8","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"eip712Domain","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes1","name":"fields","type":"bytes1"},{"internalType":"string","name":"name","type":"string"},{"internalType":"string","name":"version","type":"string"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"chainId","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"verifyingContract","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"salt","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"uint256[]","name":"extensions","type":"uint256[]"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"manager","outputs":[{"internalType":"contract IManager","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"mint","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"mintLimit","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"}],"name":"nonces","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"pendingOwner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"v","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"r","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"permit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"renounceOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transfer","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"transferOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_limit","type":"uint256"}],"name":"updateMintLimit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]

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0000000000000000000000004fc32e984d689063e9284750d94a4eee6ba5c24c0000000000000000000000000000000e44a948ab0c83f2c65d3a2c4a06b05228

-----Decoded View---------------
Arg [0] : _initialOwner (address): 0x4FC32e984D689063e9284750D94A4EeE6bA5c24c
Arg [1] : _manager (address): 0x0000000E44A948Ab0c83F2C65D3a2C4A06B05228

-----Encoded View---------------
2 Constructor Arguments found :
Arg [0] : 0000000000000000000000004fc32e984d689063e9284750d94a4eee6ba5c24c
Arg [1] : 0000000000000000000000000000000e44a948ab0c83f2c65d3a2c4a06b05228